Legal Access and Permitting

Access in the United States is managed in four primary manners.

1. Access is open to any user including commercial and educational entities with little, if any requirements.

2. Access is open but permit required. Typically a permit is required by federal or state agencies although not always. In addition applicants are usually required to show proof of insurance and to pay a permit fee.

3. Credential-based access. Access requires proof of some form of credentialing. Examples of credentialing include PCIA or AMGA certifications for particular terrain types and PCIA, AMGA, or AEE accreditation. The PCIA is a strong advocate of a terrain specific, credential-based access model. The following public lands utilize credentialing:

Joshua Tree National Park (CA)
New River National River (WV)
Eldorado State Park (CO)
Coronado National Forest (AZ)

ALL OF THE ABOVE AREAS HAVE ALSO REVIEWED THE PCIA CERTIFICATION AND ACCREDITATION PROGRAM AND ACCEPT THE PCIA STANDARDS.

4. Access is limited. Typically, commercial or educational access has been limited to one or a small number of permit holders. These concessionaires usually have long term contracts. Occasionally, a concessionaire may allow individuals to access terrain via their permit. This usually requires the visiting instructor or guide to become an employee of the concession.